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Shared working space of the
Adaptive Conversations group:
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and specifications, kept as
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Geiger Tube Telescope

The Geiger Tube Telescope was James Van Allen's charged-particle instrument from the University of Iowa, flown on both Pioneer 10 and Pioneer 11. At Jupiter it made the first direct measurements of the planet's radiation belts — vastly more intense than Earth's — knowledge that shaped the shielding of every outer-planet mission since.